Scientific Management Free Essays

Advancement of the executives thought Introduction: Modern directors utilize a large number of the practices, head, and procedures created from before ideas and experience. In 1975, Raymond E. Miles composed Theories of Management: Implications for authoritative conduct and advancement. We will compose a custom paper test on Logical Management or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now In it, he assessed the board incorporates old style, human relations, and HR the board. __The advancement of the board thought has been assessed in nature under the accompanying four sections: 1. Pre-Scientific Management Era (before 1880) 2. Old style the board Era (1880-1930) 3. Neo-old style Management Era (1930-1950) . Present day Management era(1950-on word) Classical Management: incorporates 1. Logical Management School 2. Organization Management school 3. Organization Management. Neo-old style Management: incorporates 1. Human connection school 2. Conduct Management School Modern Management: incorporates 1. Social framework school 2. Choice hypothesis school 3. Quantitative Management school 4. Framework Management school 5. Possibility Management school. Administration Management: Max Weber known as father of present day Sociology dissected administration as the most intelligent structure for enormous association. Highlights of Bureaucracy Rational power: This depends on law, techniques, rules, etc. Positional power: Positional authority of better over a subordinate stems from lawful power. Magnetic power: Charismatic position originates from the individual characteristics of a person. Head of Bureaucracy 1. Unmistakably characterized and concentrated capacities. 2. Utilization of lawful position; 3. Various leveled structure; 4. Composed guidelines and methods; 5. Actually prepared civil servants; 6. Arrangement to situate dependent on specialized ability; 7. Advancements dependent on skill; 8. Unmistakably characterized profession ways. Logical Management Frederick Taylor, known as the dad of Scientific Management, Published Principals of Scientific Management , in which he proposed work techniques intended to expand laborer efficiency. Logical Management centers around laborer and machine connections. Hierarchical profitability can be expanded by expanding the productivity of creation forms. The proficiency point of view is worried about making work that streamlines on schedule, human vitality, and other gainful assets. Occupation are planned with the goal that every laborer has a predefined, very much controlled undertaking that can be proceeded as educated. Head of logical administration 1. Substitution of old general guideline technique. 2. Logical choosing and preparing. 3. Work the board co-activity. 4. Boosts yield. 5. Equivalent division of duty. Point of view of logical Management: There are four logical administration frameworks: 1. Build up a science for every component of the activity to supplant old dependable guideline strategy. 2. Logically select workers and afterward train them to carry out the responsibility as depicted in sync 1. . Regulate representatives to ensure they follow the endorsed technique for playing out their activity. 4. Keep on arranging the work yet use specialist to really complete the work. Regulatory Management Administrative Management accentuates the chief and the elements of the executives. Henri fayol known as the dad of present day Management. He composed Ge neral and Industrial Management. His five capacity of chiefs were plan, compose, order, co-ordinate, and control. Head of authoritative administration 1. Division of work 2. Authority obligation, 3. Control, . Solidarity of order, 5. Solidarity of course, 6. Subjection of individual interests to general intrigue, 7. Compensation of work force, 8. Centralization, 9. Scalar chain, 10. Request, 11. Value, 12. Solidness of residency, 13. Activity and 14. Esprit de crops (association of solidarity). Mary parker Follett’s ideas remembered for the organization the executives that is * The widespread objective, * The general head, * Law of the circumstance: Emphasizes that there is nobody most ideal approach to do anything, however that everything relies upon the circumstance. Neo-traditional Management: incorporates Human connection school * Behavioral Management School Human connection school: Behavioral or human relations the board rose during the 1920s and managed the human parts of associations. It has been alluded to as the neo-old style school since it was at first a response to the deficiency of the traditional ways to deal with the executives. The human relations development started with the Hawthorne considers. The Hawthorne contemplates are critical in light of the fact that they exhibited the significant impact of human factors on laborer efficiency. There are four significant stages to the Hawthorne contemplates: . The brightening experimen : Tried to decide if better lighting would prompt expanded efficiency. 2. The genuine gathering bunch tests 3. The meeting system and 4. The bank wiring bunch contemplates. Chester Barnard Record his bits of knowledge about Management in his book capacity of Executive. It illustrated the authenticity of the bosses mandate and the stretch out of the subordinates acknowledgment. Barnard trained that the three top elements of the official were to †1. build up and keep up a powerful correspondence framework, 2. Recruit and hold compelling work force . Persuade those work force. His Acceptance Theory of power express that chiefs just have as much authority as representatives. The acknowledgment of power relies upon four conditions. 1. Representatives must comprehend what the chief needs them to do. 2. Workers must have the option to conform to the order. 3. Workers must feel that the mandate is with regards to hierarchical destinations. 4. Representatives must feel that the mandates are not in opposition to their own objective. Social Management schoo : The conduct approach didn't generally build efficiency. Consequently, rouses and initiative methods turned into a subject of extraordinary intrigue. The HR school comprehends that workers are extremely imaginative and able, and that a lot of their ability is generally undiscovered by their bosses. Representative need important work; they need to contribute; they need to take an interest in dynamic and authority capacities. Which means of standards: Principle is the tried rules for a specific game-plan . In another manner a guideline can be characterized as a crucial explanation of truth giving a manual for thought and activity. We can likewise say that it is an explanation which mirrors the key truth about some marvel. A basic proclamation mentions to us what results are normal when the guideline is applied. Nature of the board guideline: 1. Adaptability 2. All inclusive application 3. Chief are relative not supreme 4. In view of circumstance 5. General explanation. Present day Management idea Modern Management idea predominantly partitioned into two classes:†1. Choice hypothesis schoo : Herbert Simon, Glurk and lyndall urwick the significant supporters of this way of thinking. The primary highlights of this hypothesis are as follow:†. Choice is key to the investigation of association. 2. The association viability relies upon the nature of choice. 3. All variables influencing dynamic are the topic of the investigation of Management. 4. The individual from the association is leaders and issue solvers. Possibility Management school/Situational approach: The most recent way to deal with the executive s which connect the different ways to deal with the board is known as the possibility approach or open and versatile frameworks approach. Crafted by Joan Woodward during the 1950s denoted the start of this methodology in the executives. Possibility school expresses that administration is situational the investigation of the executives lies in distinguishing the significant factors in the circumstance. It perceives that all the subsystem of the earth are interconnected and interrelated. By contemplating their interrelationship, the administration can discover answer for explicit circumstance. Rising Management position : New administration perspectives are developing. Quality administration stresses accomplishing consumer loyalty by giving top notch products administrations. Reengineering the association updates the procedures that are pivotal to consumer loyalty. The most effective method to refer to Scientific Management, Essay models Logical Management Free Essays The board has been concentrated by a great deal of scholars who at that point gaining from their own encounters came out with various speculations and styles of the board, disclosing how to oversee. The old style school has demonstrated to be one of the most persuasive of the considerable number of schools. (Streams 2009). We will compose a custom paper test on Logical Management or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Because of the achievement of the bureaucratic and logical administration style of dealing with, this exposition will investigate the bureaucratic style of the board and afterward the logical style of the executives and show that in spite of the fact that these speculations were created during the turn of the twentieth century, they are as yet present in associations today are still pertinent right up 'til the present time and age. Fredrick W Taylor, who came out with the logical administration hypothesis, accepted that all association regardless of their creation, size or area need the executives and directors (Brunnson, 2008). He concentrates on the lower levels of the pecking order, which are the people in the work power. Pearson (1947) clarifies how Taylor characterized the specialty of the executives as knowing precisely what you need your men to do and accomplishing that in the least expensive, most ideal way imaginable. Thinking about my activity as a call community delegate, for a half year, two years prior back home in India, and taking a gander at Taylor’s standards on the best way to accomplish most extreme effectiveness, I can with the assistance of my encounters clarify the nearness of his standards still in associations today. Taylor (1911) in his logical administration hypothesis clarifies his 4 fundamental standards, on how

Biography of Moses, Leader of the Abrahamic Religions

History of Moses, Leader of the Abrahamic Religions Moses, on the off chance that he existed, likely lived in Egypt during the dynastic New Kingdom, and he was an early pioneer of the Hebrews and one of the most significant figures in Judaism. He is a huge patriarch of all the Abrahamic religions, the individuals who utilize the Torah, Christian Old Testament, or Quran as consecrated writings. Quick Facts: Moses Known For: Patriarch of the Torah, Christian Old Testament, and QuranBorn: Land of Goshen, New Kingdom, EgyptParents: Yocheved and AmramDied: Mount Nebo, MoabSpouse(s): Adoniah or Tharbis, an Ethiopian princess; Tzipporah the MidianiteChildren: From Tzipporah, Gershom and Eliezer. Early Life In the event that there was an authentic man named Moses, he would undoubtedly have been conceived in Egypt (the Land of Goshen) during the rule of Ramses II (administered 1279â€1213 BCE), the pharaoh of the New Kingdoms nineteenth tradition. As indicated by the Torah, Moses was the most youthful of three kids destined to Yocheved (now and again spelled Jochebed) and Avram. Yocheved was the girl of Levi; she wedded Avram, a grandson of Levi, which implies Yocheved was additionally Avrams auntie. Moses kin were Aaron (the originator of the Hebraic clerical administration) and Miriam (a significant prophetess). Pharaohs Curse Very little else is accessible on Avram or Yocheved in the Torah itself, however Midrashim records-antiquated rabbinical critiques on the Torah-state that Yocheved was 130 years of age when Moses was conceived and that Avram separated Yocheved while she was pregnant, with the goal that their child Moses would get away from the pharaohs order. As per Exodus, the pharaoh of Egypt announced that all Hebrew kid babies were to be suffocated during childbirth. Yocheved concealed her infant child for 3 months and afterward positioned her infant in a wicker container in the Nile River reeds. The infant cried and was safeguarded by one of the pharaohs girls, who kept the infant. This legend is like one in the Mesopotamian story of Gilgamesh, when the Sumerian lord Sargon I was put in a reed crate and drifted down the Euphrates waterway. In the Court of the Pharaoh Moses sister, the prophetess Miriam, comprehended what might happen and was watching when the girl of the pharaoh took the infant. Miriam approached to inquire as to whether she might want a Hebrew wet medical caretaker for the baby. At the point when the princess concurred, Miriam brought Yocheved. Moses experienced childhood in the castle as a received child of the pharaohs little girl (distinguished the Midrash as Queen Bithia), yet he went to see his own kin when he grew up, and as a grown-up he may have been a senator working for Ramses II. During Ramses IIs rule, Ethiopia was an Egyptian region with an Egyptian representative named Mesui, who a few researchers recommend was Moses. While in Ethiopia, Moses wedded an Ethiopian princess named Tharbis or Adonais. At the point when he saw a supervisor beating a Hebrew, Moses struck the Egyptian and slaughtered him, with the beaten Hebrew as an observer. The pharaoh discovered that Moses was the killer and requested his execution. Moses fled to the place that is known for Midian, where he wedded Tzipporah, girl of Jethro. Their children were Gershom and Eliezer. A Burning Bush In the place where there is Midian, Moses was tending a herd of sheep for his dad in-law when he saw a bramble that was consuming yet not being devoured by the blazes. He moved toward the bramble and initial a heavenly attendant and afterward God (or all the more appropriately Yahweh) himself addressed him, revealing to him that he should come back to Egypt and shepherd the Israelites out to Canaan, their guaranteed place where there is milk and nectar. Moses was persuaded when Yahweh changed his staff to a snake, at that point gave him another staff with which to lead his kin. Moses came back to Egypt to look for the arrival of the Hebrews and to carry them to Canaan, however when he moved toward the pharaoh, Ramses would not discharge the Hebrews. In reprisal, Yahweh forced a progression of 10 torment, the last being the murdering the firstborn of each Egyptian. Simply in the wake of enduring the start of the tenth plague did the pharaoh yield, revealing to Moses he could remove the Hebrews from Egypt. Be that as it may, after Moses and the Hebrews left, the pharaoh switched his choice and had his men tail them. At the point when they arrived at the Red Sea, Moses utilized his staff to part the waters and permit the Israelites to go through the seabed. The Egyptian officers additionally entered the dry seabed, yet once the Israelites had securely crossed Moses lifted his arms: the ocean shut, and the Egyptian armed force was suffocated. The Biblical Exodus During the 40-year excursion of the Hebrews from Egypt to Canaan, Moses went to Mount Sinai to quick and collective with Yahweh for 40 days. There, he got the 10 Commandments from Yahweh. While Moses was gone, his devotees including Aaron became apprehensive that he would not return and fabricated a brilliant calf. Moses disclosed to Yahweh that his adherents had started to leave and Yahweh needed to murder them, yet Moses deterred him. In any case, when Moses saw the real calf and special raised area he was so furious he flung and broke the two tablets holding the 10 Commandments; Moses made two additional tablets and Yahweh recorded them once more. At the point when the individuals grumbled they required food in the desert, Yahweh took care of the Israelites with nourishment, a substance white like coriander seed and posed a flavor like wafers made with nectar that poured down from the sky, and quail. Demise Close to the finish of the 40 years, Yahweh educated Moses that solitary the new age of Israelites would enter Canaan, and thus, Moses could never observe the Promised Land. Moses climbed Mt. Abarim and saw Canaan not too far off, however that was as close as he would come. Moses picked Joshua as the replacement, and, at the mature age of 120, Moses climbed Mt. Nebo and kicked the bucket. Who was Moses? Quite a bit of this story is incredible and brimming with supernatural occurrences, the stuff of antiquated religion. However, the job of Moses in the Bible, to Jews, Christians, and Moslems, is rich and complex past the supernatural occurrences. He is seen by every one of the three as the pioneer of the Israelite individuals who shepherded them out of Egypt. He is the encapsulation of Mosaic law-the person who intervened with Yahweh in the interest of his kin, and the person who went about as an appointed authority for the benefit of the sacrosanct. He was an educator and the originator of the clique and haven of the antiquated Hebraic religion. The last four books of the Torah-Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy-are fundamentally devoted to the life and exercises of Moses and his kin. Mass migration begins with the introduction of Moses and Deuteronomy closes with his demise and internment by Yahweh. Early translations of that situation proposed that Moses himself composed the books of the Torah (or got them direct from Yahweh). Present day scriptural researchers for the most part concur that the five books were redacted from four freely composed reports composed long after Moses would have kicked the bucket. The Ptolemaic-period Egyptian student of history Manetho makes reference to Moses-once more, long after Mosess passing. There are other late chronicled references in the works of the Roman antiquarians Josephus, Philo, Apion, Strabo, Tacitus, and Porphyry. His story is told in the Bible in the book of Exodus and the old analyses on the scriptural content known as the midrashim. As Musa, he is additionally is a noteworthy prophet in the Quran. Scriptural researcher J. Van Seters, said all that needed to be said, The journey for the verifiable Moses is a purposeless exercise. He currently has a place just with legend. Sources Feldman, Louis H. Josephus Portrait of Moses. The Jewish Quarterly Review 82.3/4 (1992): 285â€328.Josephus Portrait of Moses: Part Two. The Jewish Quarterly Review 83.1/2 (1992): 7â€50.Nigosian, S. A. Moses as They Saw Him. Vetus Testamentum 43.3 (1993): 339â€50.Robinson, Marilynne. Moses. Salmagundi 121/122 (1999): 23-46.Rà ¶mer, Thomas. Moses Outside the Torah and the Construction of a Diaspora Identity. The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 8.15 (2008): 1â€12.Van Seters, John. Moses. The Encyclopedia of Religion. Ed. Eliade, Mircea. New York: Macmillan, 1987. 116.Wineman, Aryeh. Among Person and Metaphor: Moses in the Hasidic Homily-Literature. Hebrew Studies 59 (2018): 209â€20.

How to Create an Effective Study Routine

How to Create an Effective Study Routine EP 13: How to Create an Effective Study Routine and the Pomodoro Technique EP 13: How to Create an Effective Study Routine and the Pomodoro Technique Welcome to Episode 13! This past week on The Homework Help Show, we discussed how to set up a successful study routine. Our Host and Top Writer, Cath Anne walked through some tried and tested approaches to setting into the routine of studying. We also discussed a studying technique called the Pomodoro method which will maximize your productivity. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] This is Episode 13 of the Homework Help Show. Its hard to believe that we are that far along in our show. For anyone that doesnt know me, my name is Cath Anne. I am the weekly host of the Homework Help Show presented by Homework Help Global. This week were going to be talking about setting up your study routine for productivity. As well as a method called the Pomodoro method which I just recently learned about. Cath Anne: [00:01:40] Im sure that exams, papers, and group projects are starting to ramp up. Everyone has probably been over their syllabi and they know what is coming for this semester. Last week we talked about setting goals, and this week were going to talk about how to set up your study space for success and so that youll have some somewhere that you enjoy going and somewhere that you will go to study. Cath Anne: [00:02:14] I just wanted to quickly ask.: Is there anything in particular that you really need when youre studying? Whether it be a certain book, your glasses, or a cup of tea, water perhaps. Are there any like real necessities that you need before you start a study session? For me, its my tea or coffee in the morning. This is an herbal tea. Cath Anne: [00:03:02] (Instagram Viewer) Trevor says he needs a Red Bull. Yeah, well that makes sense if youre studying late at night and you need some extra energy. Tea for you to too, G Kaur. I do love water but its just nice to have that warm beverage. I know what it is theres something special about it. Trevor has a Red Bull to keep him motivated. I can totally understand that. Cath Anne: [00:03:33] The first thing I wanted to discuss is how to set up your actual physical space for studying. Here I want to stop the desk essentials. Yes, I said desk although it is tempting to sit in your favorite chair or on the couch when youre studying, youre way more likely to fall asleep or be tempted to watch Netflix if you are sitting in a more comfortable position to do your studying. You will really want to set up a desk space, whether it be in your bedroom, whether it be in your living room or in an office, if youre so lucky to have one. Its a great idea just to set up a desk thats dedicated to studying because you dont want to study in your bed, you dont want to study in the couch because youre going to be way more likely to fall asleep. Cath Anne: [00:04:26] Now that we have our desk, there are some desk essentials that I highly recommend you having, and you have on hand for your study session. So, the first thing is water. Youre going to want to have water on hand to keep you hydrated throughout your study session. This will also minimize the time it takes to get up and go to the kitchen and get a glass of water which can, of course, lead to distractions and if youre if youre like me you might also want to keep it like a small snack on hand. Maybe, raisins or almonds or peanuts in a little cup, just so that you dont have to keep getting up and going to the kitchen or going somewhere else to get a snack. You want to have water and maybe a little snack on hand when youre sitting down for a longer study session. Cath Anne: [00:05:15] Another thing that might sound a little funny, but its a good idea to have something like an oil diffuser or a scented candle on your desk so that it adds a gentle aroma to the area. You could use something like lavender oil or lemongrass oil. Something thats very light and thats going to keep you focused. It also adds some coziness and relaxation to the space. It makes the space more welcoming. Like I said it does sound a little silly to spend that much time on your study space, but if you think about it, studying can be really difficult and when youre sitting down to study you want to associate it with positive feelings. You want to make yourself comfortable. When you do these extra little steps, you are more likely to associate studying with the positive feelings that come with setting up your space. Thats why Im recommending adding some of these little touches that can increase your feelings of positivity when youre going to study because we all know we dont all love to study. It can be really great to kind of add these little touches here and there to increase your feelings of positivity. Cath Anne: [00:06:39] This goes along with the last suggestion, try to have something fresh on your desk, a bouquet of flowers or a little succulent plant. Having something fresh on your desk can lift your mood. It gives you something nice to look at and it brings light to the desk. It also has the added benefit of creating some oxygen while youre working so that you can stay focused. Cath Anne: [00:07:12] Another thing they want to make sure is that youre tidy and organized. Make sure that you keep a tight organized space. Dont place everything on your desk, just the things that you would need for that particular study session. You want just the essentials like some pens, highlighters, textbooks, anything that you might need. You might need your computer. Anything that you might need but nothing more because you dont want to be distracted. Originally, I was going to suggest that you could have your agenda or your or your bullet journal on hand. But, in this case where as youre going to be focusing specifically on studying I would suggest that less is more. The more you have on the desk, the more likely you are to be distracted. Cath Anne: [00:07:54] Another good idea, and I know everyones not going to like this idea, shut your phone off or put it away from your desk so maybe you plug it into an outlet across the room. Just make it so your phone is not as readily available Of course you have the potential to get bored while studying and youre going to be tempted to look at your phone. The more difficult it is to access your phone the more likely you are going to continue studying and not be distracted. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] Now that we have a physical space laid out. Its time to start studying and I want to discuss this idea of a pre-study routine. You also want to be really intentional about how you are presenting yourself when you study and the steps that you take to start over a successful study session. When you started studying you want to make sure that you are wearing something comfortable. Unless youre going to the library or out in public somewhere to a cafe, it doesnt really matter what you look like when you study Dress comfortably, avoid the temptation to fiddle with your clothing. If youre wearing an itchy sweater you might feel itchy and comfortable during your study session. You want to make sure that youre very comfortable. Wear a nice pair of easy fitting jeans and a nice hoodie and you should be good to go. Make sure youre warm enough as well. Cath Anne: [00:09:35] Then make a warm beverage. This has been a theme, as you can see, whether its tea, coffee, hot chocolate, having a warm bed beverage can say no to your brain that youre sitting down to do some work, while also being comfortable. If youre not one for caffeine, but you want the relaxing aspect of tea with the buzz, you could opt for an herbal tea instead. Cath Anne: [00:10:00] Now that those little touches are out of the way, before you get studying it is actually beneficial to look at your agenda and look at what you need to get done. Take your agenda or your bullet journal and see what you want to get accomplished for that session. Physically write down small time allotments for yourself and set deadlines. For example, you might want to schedule to work on one task from 5:00p.m. until 6:00p.m. and then you might set a second task from 6:30pm until 7:00pm. When you make these little appointments for yourself youre much more likely to commit to you and follow through with them. They also help you stay on track. Cath Anne: [00:10:45] Thats a little like what we were talking about last week is to set positive and possible goals for yourself so that you are way more likely to follow through on them. When you set deadlines for yourself, youre absolutely more likely to complete them. [00:11:04] Its also really important to get in the right mindset when you plan study. This is where you can begin with five minutes before you start studying and write down three things that you are grateful for. This will help you to stay positive and have a focused mindset. You may also want to write down somewhere or think about how youre going to reward yourself when you have finished these tasks. Maybe its a relaxing bath or watching your favorite show on Netflix with your partner. Whatever it is make sure that you have a reward lined up so that you are more motivated to follow through on your tasks. Its also a really good idea to sit near an open window or a door so you have access to some fresh air. The plants can give you some oxygen, but it is also really good to have some fresh air. As long as its not too cold outside. Cath Anne: [00:11:54] Then youre going to actually begin studying so you sit down at your desk. You set a timer for 20 to 30 minutes and work until the timer and goes off. Now this is where you might need your cell phone if you like to have that for a timer. You can keep that on your desk. Ill talk a little bit about some apps that you can use to kind of control your urges too to look at your phone if you do use it as a timer. You can also set timers on your computer for 20 to 30 minutes. Again, Ill talk about that as we go along. Cath Anne: [00:12:33] Once you finish that 20 to 30-minute allotment of work, you can take a little break before you continue your work. There are a couple things you can do when youre taking your break. The best thing is to get moving. You want to take a step away from your desk. Give your eyes or rest from looking at your computer or staring at your textbook. You want to get up and maybe do some stretching, do some yoga postures. You might reveal your cup of tea or your water. You might pet your cat. It is really important to give yourself a break. Just getting up from there so that youre not feeling weighed down by the study session. Cath Anne: [00:13:15] Typical study breaks should be between five and 10 minutes. Whatever you do dont make it longer than five to ten minutes, but make sure that youre getting up and getting moving and then you can return to your studying. Once youve completed a task, after that 20 to 30 minutes if you completed your task, give it a check off on your list. That gives you a sense of accomplishment. It also gives you a sense of being able to look back to see the pattern of what youve completed. This actually serves as a motivational factor and we talked about that a little bit last week in that when we document our goals and the things that weve achieved, it motivates us. We can see that weve been making a difference and our hard work has been of benefit. Cath Anne: [00:14:21] When you do set that timer for 20 to 30 minutes, during your study session make sure you write down any questions that pop up for you. This way you can remember to go back to them afterward. Youre not getting distracted by those questions then and looking through your textbook or Googling something youre writing down on these questions and you are going to go back to them afterwards. You can then go back through your notes and figure out the answer to the question. Or you might approach your professor and ask them as well. Taking the time during your study session to figure those questions out its just going to be a distraction. Make sure you have a little notepad, so you can write down your questions as they come out through your study session. Cath Anne: [00:15:10] As well, you might not have all the time in the world to complete every task that you set out to do, especially if youre working on a time constraint and you are a student. You definitely want to make the most of your time. If you are not able to finish one task, make sure that you write it down as well as so that you can go back to it during your next study session. Cath Anne: [00:15:59] Now to move on to what I talked about: the Pomodoro Method. The Pomodoro method can help with the P word which is procrastination. We all know about procrastination. It is not just a student thing. It is absolutely something that can continue into the working world as well. Its really helpful to develop strategies to combat procrastination. Cath Anne: [00:16:36] I find that procrastination can be most challenging when it happens at the beginning of a study session or a work session. You dont always want to get started on a task because there is this mental resistance there and you would way rather be looking on your phone or playing a videogame or reading a book, anything else but doing the task that you have set out to do. Today I want to talk about a little bit about how to actually address that problem. Cath Anne: [00:17:17] Its almost like the more you try to push yourself to do that task, the last you want to do it. Its about getting over that hump of resistance. Once you do get over that hump then youre able to work really intensely for long periods of time. Sometimes its just that initial starting point and then you can work. I wanted to talk about how to get over that initial resistance that procrastination can cause for us. Also, if you are someone that procrastinates throughout a task this strategy can work for you as well. Cath Anne: [00:18:20] The problem with this mental resistance is that our brain is way more likely to want to do something thats easier. Studying or working or doing something thats more challenging and difficult for the brain it takes effort. The brain doesnt always want to do that. What we have to do is we have to give it, motivation to do that and we have to almost externalize the motivation. Youll see what I mean. Pick one particular task to work on. If you are studying for a biology test, pick chapter one thats going to be your first task. You dont want a list, you dont want multiple tasks, you want one task. As I mentioned before, you want to set a timer for between 20 and 30 minutes. The recommended time for the Pomodoro Method is actually 25 minutes. Set a timer for 25 minutes and work as intensely as you can on that one task. If Im studying for a biology test, then Im going through my chapter one and Im studying as hard as I can for that first 25 minutes. Cath Anne: [00:19:36] Like I mentioned if you do get distracted by a call a text or wanting to look something up on Google, have your notepad beside you and write it down so you can go back to it once youve finished your study session. When the timer goes off take a five-minute break, and repeat that process three more times. Set it for 25. Take a 5-minute break. Set up for 25. Take a 5 minute break. You want to break your study session up into 25-minute allotments. Once you have done the four sessions, take a longer break. Maybe half an hour. Have some lunch or do a yoga session; go for a walk. Then you can start the process all over again. Cath Anne: [00:20:40] This technique seems super simple, but its very powerful. It can help us get it over our procrastination because what it does is it externalizes the need for discipline. It takes the onus away from you and puts it into the timer. Instead of you having to be strong-willed enough to stop yourself from being distracted, it puts the onus on the timer. Then you arent relying on your own self-control but rather the time is being measured by that timer. Using the timer is probably one of the most effective ways that has been found to work. Writing your distractions down and in combination with this helps to minimize the connection between the craving for distraction and its fulfilment. Cath Anne: [00:21:32] Essentially, youre creating space between these desires for distraction and you actually fulfilling them. When you do that, when you take the time to write down your distractions, youre actually strengthening your focus muscles. Over time if you keep practicing that, your focus muscle and your brain is going to is going to become stronger and stronger and you arent going to get as distracted as easily. Cath Anne: [00:22:07] I dont particularly study anymore, because Im not a student, but Ive been using it a lot in my own work. I do work from home as a freelance writer, and this can be really helpful when youre trying to meet a deadline or when you have some work to do. Just out one task for yourself, working really intensely for 25 minutes, having a mini break and then doing that over and over again. Youll actually be surprised at how quickly that 25 minutes passes. It seems like a long time, but when youre working youre kind of in that intense focused mindset. And I think also having the time limited automatically rewards the brain and its like, Oh if I finish this then Im going to be able to take a break. Its like that built in reward mechanism, which is really cool. Cath Anne: [00:23:06] Of course there are other ways to make this technique more useful. Theres an app called Cold Turkey Writer, which you can download on your computer actually and it essentially converts your computer into just a typewriter until you meet a certain word count. This can be really helpful and when youre writing a paper or so youre writing a 2000-word paper, you might say youre Cold Turkey Writer for a thousand words. It would only act as a typewriter, and not allow you to get on the Internet or anything until you meet a thousand words. Take a little break and then do the same thing for the next thousand words. Cath Anne: [00:23:45] I thought that was a really cool option if you youre someone that gets easily distracted while youre writing papers. The person that invented the Pomodoro Method actually started out with that 25 minutes and personally I do find that works really well. But, if you wanted to extend it if you had a longer study session to do then certainly, experiment with whatever works best for you. Cath Anne: [00:27:20] I have found a helpful app which is called TIDE. You can use that for a timer. Its a free app. I have an iPhone and I believe its available for Android as well. I highly recommend it because what you can do is you can set your 25 minutes, and it will run out the clock. If you do escape the app, itll stop your timer. Then itll stop your study session. But, it also plays relaxing music. Today I was using it and there were you know there were waves sounds, there were forest sounds. I find those kinds of noises help me to focus. It uses the Pomodoro Method. What I actually do is I take my phone and I put it on my little tripod that I have actually for this show so that I can see the timer, but Im also makes it more awkward for me to grab it when I put it on the stand. So, its less tempting for me to go on Instagram or Facebook or text someone while Im doing so. Cath Anne: [00:28:59] I hope that you guys enjoyed this session. We talked about how to set up your desk and workspace for effective studying. We talked about setting a timer and setting goals and breaks for yourself along the way that can maximize your productivity. We talked about Pomodoro Method and a couple of apps like Tide and Cold Turkey Writer that can help you to stop procrastinating and to get down to studying. I think next week, well get back into a little bit more of the academic content. I wanted to do a couple of sessions on how to start your school year off. Next week I think well delve a little heavier into either APA or MLA format and guidelines around that. Cath Anne: [00:29:49] So you guys can let us know what you would like to see, then we can prepare for that and give you guys what you want. So, Im thinking probably either MLA or APA format, well do and thats the kind of process. Bring any of your papers that youre working on or any questions and join me here next week at 7:00 PM Eastern Standard Time for The Homework Help Show. [00:30:19] I hope this was a benefit to you and if you do want to gain access to any of our other content, we are on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, Google Plus, YouTube, Medium, SoundCloud, Anchor, iTunes Apple Podcast and Google Play Music. So, we are on all of those platforms. If you do want to access any of our other content you have a lot of really great stuff up. All you have to do is search Homework Help Global and we will come up. I hope to see you guys soon. I hope this is a benefit and I will talk to you soon. See you next week. Have a good week. How to Create an Effective Study Routine EP 13: How to Create an Effective Study Routine and the Pomodoro Technique EP 13: How to Create an Effective Study Routine and the Pomodoro Technique Welcome to Episode 13! This past week on The Homework Help Show, we discussed how to set up a successful study routine. Our Host and Top Writer, Cath Anne walked through some tried and tested approaches to setting into the routine of studying. We also discussed a studying technique called the Pomodoro method which will maximize your productivity. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:05] This is Episode 13 of the Homework Help Show. Its hard to believe that we are that far along in our show. For anyone that doesnt know me, my name is Cath Anne. I am the weekly host of the Homework Help Show presented by Homework Help Global. This week were going to be talking about setting up your study routine for productivity. As well as a method called the Pomodoro method which I just recently learned about. Cath Anne: [00:01:40] Im sure that exams, papers, and group projects are starting to ramp up. Everyone has probably been over their syllabi and they know what is coming for this semester. Last week we talked about setting goals, and this week were going to talk about how to set up your study space for success and so that youll have some somewhere that you enjoy going and somewhere that you will go to study. Cath Anne: [00:02:14] I just wanted to quickly ask.: Is there anything in particular that you really need when youre studying? Whether it be a certain book, your glasses, or a cup of tea, water perhaps. Are there any like real necessities that you need before you start a study session? For me, its my tea or coffee in the morning. This is an herbal tea. Cath Anne: [00:03:02] (Instagram Viewer) Trevor says he needs a Red Bull. Yeah, well that makes sense if youre studying late at night and you need some extra energy. Tea for you to too, G Kaur. I do love water but its just nice to have that warm beverage. I know what it is theres something special about it. Trevor has a Red Bull to keep him motivated. I can totally understand that. Cath Anne: [00:03:33] The first thing I wanted to discuss is how to set up your actual physical space for studying. Here I want to stop the desk essentials. Yes, I said desk although it is tempting to sit in your favorite chair or on the couch when youre studying, youre way more likely to fall asleep or be tempted to watch Netflix if you are sitting in a more comfortable position to do your studying. You will really want to set up a desk space, whether it be in your bedroom, whether it be in your living room or in an office, if youre so lucky to have one. Its a great idea just to set up a desk thats dedicated to studying because you dont want to study in your bed, you dont want to study in the couch because youre going to be way more likely to fall asleep. Cath Anne: [00:04:26] Now that we have our desk, there are some desk essentials that I highly recommend you having, and you have on hand for your study session. So, the first thing is water. Youre going to want to have water on hand to keep you hydrated throughout your study session. This will also minimize the time it takes to get up and go to the kitchen and get a glass of water which can, of course, lead to distractions and if youre if youre like me you might also want to keep it like a small snack on hand. Maybe, raisins or almonds or peanuts in a little cup, just so that you dont have to keep getting up and going to the kitchen or going somewhere else to get a snack. You want to have water and maybe a little snack on hand when youre sitting down for a longer study session. Cath Anne: [00:05:15] Another thing that might sound a little funny, but its a good idea to have something like an oil diffuser or a scented candle on your desk so that it adds a gentle aroma to the area. You could use something like lavender oil or lemongrass oil. Something thats very light and thats going to keep you focused. It also adds some coziness and relaxation to the space. It makes the space more welcoming. Like I said it does sound a little silly to spend that much time on your study space, but if you think about it, studying can be really difficult and when youre sitting down to study you want to associate it with positive feelings. You want to make yourself comfortable. When you do these extra little steps, you are more likely to associate studying with the positive feelings that come with setting up your space. Thats why Im recommending adding some of these little touches that can increase your feelings of positivity when youre going to study because we all know we dont all love to study. It can be really great to kind of add these little touches here and there to increase your feelings of positivity. Cath Anne: [00:06:39] This goes along with the last suggestion, try to have something fresh on your desk, a bouquet of flowers or a little succulent plant. Having something fresh on your desk can lift your mood. It gives you something nice to look at and it brings light to the desk. It also has the added benefit of creating some oxygen while youre working so that you can stay focused. Cath Anne: [00:07:12] Another thing they want to make sure is that youre tidy and organized. Make sure that you keep a tight organized space. Dont place everything on your desk, just the things that you would need for that particular study session. You want just the essentials like some pens, highlighters, textbooks, anything that you might need. You might need your computer. Anything that you might need but nothing more because you dont want to be distracted. Originally, I was going to suggest that you could have your agenda or your or your bullet journal on hand. But, in this case where as youre going to be focusing specifically on studying I would suggest that less is more. The more you have on the desk, the more likely you are to be distracted. Cath Anne: [00:07:54] Another good idea, and I know everyones not going to like this idea, shut your phone off or put it away from your desk so maybe you plug it into an outlet across the room. Just make it so your phone is not as readily available Of course you have the potential to get bored while studying and youre going to be tempted to look at your phone. The more difficult it is to access your phone the more likely you are going to continue studying and not be distracted. Cath Anne: [00:08:29] Now that we have a physical space laid out. Its time to start studying and I want to discuss this idea of a pre-study routine. You also want to be really intentional about how you are presenting yourself when you study and the steps that you take to start over a successful study session. When you started studying you want to make sure that you are wearing something comfortable. Unless youre going to the library or out in public somewhere to a cafe, it doesnt really matter what you look like when you study Dress comfortably, avoid the temptation to fiddle with your clothing. If youre wearing an itchy sweater you might feel itchy and comfortable during your study session. You want to make sure that youre very comfortable. Wear a nice pair of easy fitting jeans and a nice hoodie and you should be good to go. Make sure youre warm enough as well. Cath Anne: [00:09:35] Then make a warm beverage. This has been a theme, as you can see, whether its tea, coffee, hot chocolate, having a warm bed beverage can say no to your brain that youre sitting down to do some work, while also being comfortable. If youre not one for caffeine, but you want the relaxing aspect of tea with the buzz, you could opt for an herbal tea instead. Cath Anne: [00:10:00] Now that those little touches are out of the way, before you get studying it is actually beneficial to look at your agenda and look at what you need to get done. Take your agenda or your bullet journal and see what you want to get accomplished for that session. Physically write down small time allotments for yourself and set deadlines. For example, you might want to schedule to work on one task from 5:00p.m. until 6:00p.m. and then you might set a second task from 6:30pm until 7:00pm. When you make these little appointments for yourself youre much more likely to commit to you and follow through with them. They also help you stay on track. Cath Anne: [00:10:45] Thats a little like what we were talking about last week is to set positive and possible goals for yourself so that you are way more likely to follow through on them. When you set deadlines for yourself, youre absolutely more likely to complete them. [00:11:04] Its also really important to get in the right mindset when you plan study. This is where you can begin with five minutes before you start studying and write down three things that you are grateful for. This will help you to stay positive and have a focused mindset. You may also want to write down somewhere or think about how youre going to reward yourself when you have finished these tasks. Maybe its a relaxing bath or watching your favorite show on Netflix with your partner. Whatever it is make sure that you have a reward lined up so that you are more motivated to follow through on your tasks. Its also a really good idea to sit near an open window or a door so you have access to some fresh air. The plants can give you some oxygen, but it is also really good to have some fresh air. As long as its not too cold outside. Cath Anne: [00:11:54] Then youre going to actually begin studying so you sit down at your desk. You set a timer for 20 to 30 minutes and work until the timer and goes off. Now this is where you might need your cell phone if you like to have that for a timer. You can keep that on your desk. Ill talk a little bit about some apps that you can use to kind of control your urges too to look at your phone if you do use it as a timer. You can also set timers on your computer for 20 to 30 minutes. Again, Ill talk about that as we go along. Cath Anne: [00:12:33] Once you finish that 20 to 30-minute allotment of work, you can take a little break before you continue your work. There are a couple things you can do when youre taking your break. The best thing is to get moving. You want to take a step away from your desk. Give your eyes or rest from looking at your computer or staring at your textbook. You want to get up and maybe do some stretching, do some yoga postures. You might reveal your cup of tea or your water. You might pet your cat. It is really important to give yourself a break. Just getting up from there so that youre not feeling weighed down by the study session. Cath Anne: [00:13:15] Typical study breaks should be between five and 10 minutes. Whatever you do dont make it longer than five to ten minutes, but make sure that youre getting up and getting moving and then you can return to your studying. Once youve completed a task, after that 20 to 30 minutes if you completed your task, give it a check off on your list. That gives you a sense of accomplishment. It also gives you a sense of being able to look back to see the pattern of what youve completed. This actually serves as a motivational factor and we talked about that a little bit last week in that when we document our goals and the things that weve achieved, it motivates us. We can see that weve been making a difference and our hard work has been of benefit. Cath Anne: [00:14:21] When you do set that timer for 20 to 30 minutes, during your study session make sure you write down any questions that pop up for you. This way you can remember to go back to them afterward. Youre not getting distracted by those questions then and looking through your textbook or Googling something youre writing down on these questions and you are going to go back to them afterwards. You can then go back through your notes and figure out the answer to the question. Or you might approach your professor and ask them as well. Taking the time during your study session to figure those questions out its just going to be a distraction. Make sure you have a little notepad, so you can write down your questions as they come out through your study session. Cath Anne: [00:15:10] As well, you might not have all the time in the world to complete every task that you set out to do, especially if youre working on a time constraint and you are a student. You definitely want to make the most of your time. If you are not able to finish one task, make sure that you write it down as well as so that you can go back to it during your next study session. Cath Anne: [00:15:59] Now to move on to what I talked about: the Pomodoro Method. The Pomodoro method can help with the P word which is procrastination. We all know about procrastination. It is not just a student thing. It is absolutely something that can continue into the working world as well. Its really helpful to develop strategies to combat procrastination. Cath Anne: [00:16:36] I find that procrastination can be most challenging when it happens at the beginning of a study session or a work session. You dont always want to get started on a task because there is this mental resistance there and you would way rather be looking on your phone or playing a videogame or reading a book, anything else but doing the task that you have set out to do. Today I want to talk about a little bit about how to actually address that problem. Cath Anne: [00:17:17] Its almost like the more you try to push yourself to do that task, the last you want to do it. Its about getting over that hump of resistance. Once you do get over that hump then youre able to work really intensely for long periods of time. Sometimes its just that initial starting point and then you can work. I wanted to talk about how to get over that initial resistance that procrastination can cause for us. Also, if you are someone that procrastinates throughout a task this strategy can work for you as well. Cath Anne: [00:18:20] The problem with this mental resistance is that our brain is way more likely to want to do something thats easier. Studying or working or doing something thats more challenging and difficult for the brain it takes effort. The brain doesnt always want to do that. What we have to do is we have to give it, motivation to do that and we have to almost externalize the motivation. Youll see what I mean. Pick one particular task to work on. If you are studying for a biology test, pick chapter one thats going to be your first task. You dont want a list, you dont want multiple tasks, you want one task. As I mentioned before, you want to set a timer for between 20 and 30 minutes. The recommended time for the Pomodoro Method is actually 25 minutes. Set a timer for 25 minutes and work as intensely as you can on that one task. If Im studying for a biology test, then Im going through my chapter one and Im studying as hard as I can for that first 25 minutes. Cath Anne: [00:19:36] Like I mentioned if you do get distracted by a call a text or wanting to look something up on Google, have your notepad beside you and write it down so you can go back to it once youve finished your study session. When the timer goes off take a five-minute break, and repeat that process three more times. Set it for 25. Take a 5-minute break. Set up for 25. Take a 5 minute break. You want to break your study session up into 25-minute allotments. Once you have done the four sessions, take a longer break. Maybe half an hour. Have some lunch or do a yoga session; go for a walk. Then you can start the process all over again. Cath Anne: [00:20:40] This technique seems super simple, but its very powerful. It can help us get it over our procrastination because what it does is it externalizes the need for discipline. It takes the onus away from you and puts it into the timer. Instead of you having to be strong-willed enough to stop yourself from being distracted, it puts the onus on the timer. Then you arent relying on your own self-control but rather the time is being measured by that timer. Using the timer is probably one of the most effective ways that has been found to work. Writing your distractions down and in combination with this helps to minimize the connection between the craving for distraction and its fulfilment. Cath Anne: [00:21:32] Essentially, youre creating space between these desires for distraction and you actually fulfilling them. When you do that, when you take the time to write down your distractions, youre actually strengthening your focus muscles. Over time if you keep practicing that, your focus muscle and your brain is going to is going to become stronger and stronger and you arent going to get as distracted as easily. Cath Anne: [00:22:07] I dont particularly study anymore, because Im not a student, but Ive been using it a lot in my own work. I do work from home as a freelance writer, and this can be really helpful when youre trying to meet a deadline or when you have some work to do. Just out one task for yourself, working really intensely for 25 minutes, having a mini break and then doing that over and over again. Youll actually be surprised at how quickly that 25 minutes passes. It seems like a long time, but when youre working youre kind of in that intense focused mindset. And I think also having the time limited automatically rewards the brain and its like, Oh if I finish this then Im going to be able to take a break. Its like that built in reward mechanism, which is really cool. Cath Anne: [00:23:06] Of course there are other ways to make this technique more useful. Theres an app called Cold Turkey Writer, which you can download on your computer actually and it essentially converts your computer into just a typewriter until you meet a certain word count. This can be really helpful and when youre writing a paper or so youre writing a 2000-word paper, you might say youre Cold Turkey Writer for a thousand words. It would only act as a typewriter, and not allow you to get on the Internet or anything until you meet a thousand words. Take a little break and then do the same thing for the next thousand words. Cath Anne: [00:23:45] I thought that was a really cool option if you youre someone that gets easily distracted while youre writing papers. The person that invented the Pomodoro Method actually started out with that 25 minutes and personally I do find that works really well. But, if you wanted to extend it if you had a longer study session to do then certainly, experiment with whatever works best for you. Cath Anne: [00:27:20] I have found a helpful app which is called TIDE. You can use that for a timer. Its a free app. I have an iPhone and I believe its available for Android as well. I highly recommend it because what you can do is you can set your 25 minutes, and it will run out the clock. If you do escape the app, itll stop your timer. Then itll stop your study session. But, it also plays relaxing music. Today I was using it and there were you know there were waves sounds, there were forest sounds. I find those kinds of noises help me to focus. It uses the Pomodoro Method. What I actually do is I take my phone and I put it on my little tripod that I have actually for this show so that I can see the timer, but Im also makes it more awkward for me to grab it when I put it on the stand. So, its less tempting for me to go on Instagram or Facebook or text someone while Im doing so. Cath Anne: [00:28:59] I hope that you guys enjoyed this session. We talked about how to set up your desk and workspace for effective studying. We talked about setting a timer and setting goals and breaks for yourself along the way that can maximize your productivity. We talked about Pomodoro Method and a couple of apps like Tide and Cold Turkey Writer that can help you to stop procrastinating and to get down to studying. I think next week, well get back into a little bit more of the academic content. I wanted to do a couple of sessions on how to start your school year off. Next week I think well delve a little heavier into either APA or MLA format and guidelines around that. Cath Anne: [00:29:49] So you guys can let us know what you would like to see, then we can prepare for that and give you guys what you want. So, Im thinking probably either MLA or APA format, well do and thats the kind of process. Bring any of your papers that youre working on or any questions and join me here next week at 7:00 PM Eastern Standard Time for The Homework Help Show. [00:30:19] I hope this was a benefit to you and if you do want to gain access to any of our other content, we are on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, Google Plus, YouTube, Medium, SoundCloud, Anchor, iTunes Apple Podcast and Google Play Music. So, we are on all of those platforms. If you do want to access any of our other content you have a lot of really great stuff up. All you have to do is search Homework Help Global and we will come up. I hope to see you guys soon. I hope this is a benefit and I will talk to you soon. See you next week. Have a good week.